SUMMARY LANGUAGE,LEARNING AND TEACHING

Language Learning and Teaching

There many questions about second language acquisition:

• 1. Learner Characteristics
• 2. Linguistics Factors
• 3. Learning Processes
• 4. Age and Acquisition
• 5. Instructional Variables
• 6. Context
• 7. Purpose
• 8. Rejoicing
• 9. Rejoicing in our Defeats

What is Language?

Is a complex, specialized skill, which develops in the child spontaneously, without conscious effort or formal instruction, is deployed without awareness of its underlying logic, is qualitatively the same very individual , and is distinct from more general abilities to process information or behave intelligently.

Language has differences definitions:

• 1. Language is systematic
• 2. Language is a set of arbitrary symbols
• 3. Those symbols are primarily vocal, but may also be visual
• 4. The symbols have conventionalized meanings to which they refer.
• 5. Language is used for communication.
• 6. Language operates in a speech community or culture
• 7. Language is essentially human, although possibly not limited to humans.
• 8. Language is acquired by all people in much the same way; language and language learning both have universal characteristics.

Learning and Teaching

A search in contemporary dictionaries reveals that Learning is “acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study, experience, or instruction. And Teaching is defined showing or helping someone to learn how to do something, giving instructions, guiding in the study of something providing knowledge.

1. 1. Learning is acquisition or getting
2. 2. Learning is retention of information or skill
3. 3. Retention implies storage systems , memory, cognitive organization
4. 4. Learning involves active, conscious focus on and acting upon events outside or inside the organism.
5. 5. Learning is relatively permanent but subject to forgetting
6. 6. Learning involves some form of practice, perhaps reinforced practice.
7. 7. Learning is a change in behavior.

These concepts can also give way to a number of subfields within the disciple of psychology: acquisition processes, perception, memory, (storage) systems, short and long- term memory, recall, motivation, conscious and subconscious learning styles and strategies, theories of forgetting, reinforcement, the role of practice.

What is teaching?

Teaching cannot be defined apart from learning. Teaching is guiding and facilitating, enabling the learner to learn, setting the conditions for learning.

Schools of thought

There are Schools: Behavioral Psychology, cognitive Psychology and Constructivism Psychology.

Behavior Psychology is focused on publicity observable responses. Those can be objectively perceived, recorded, and measured.

The Scientific Method represents this concept because it responds to behavior observable

QUESTION 2

What is permanent struggle in teaching/learning?

·         The culture is a permanent struggle because it interferences when a teacher has to teach a new culture with the different language.

2) Are we equipment with a do-it-yourself-kit to acquire language?

No, because if we would be equipped we could learn any language without problems then everybody would be bilingual.

3) Why do people learn or fail to learn a language.

There are many variables that interfere on the acquisition of language. Since stimulates and physical problems

4) Name the issues to consider in second language acquisition?

·         Context

·         Purpose

·         Age and acquisition

·         Learning process

·         Learning characteristics

·         Instructional variable

·         Rejoicing in our defects.

5) What are the motivations to learn a language?

They are emotional personal or intellectual reasons

Social interaction

6) What is a PARADIGM?

Is a model that is demonstrable this is theory that help us to identify something or knowledge,

7) Give 3 definitions for Language?

Language is used for communicates

Language is systematic

Language is own of the human being

8) What is the relation between language and cognition?

Their relation is that people need to know words and recognize sounds for transmit and organize ideas when they need to talk.

9) Which are some Learning Definition?

Learning is retention of information or skill

Retention implies storage systems memory, cognitive organization.

Learning is acquisition or getting

Learning involves active, conscious focus on and upon events outside or inside the organism

Learning is relatively permanent but subject to forgetting

Learning involves some form of practice, perhaps reinforced practice.

Learning is change a behavior.

10) Can we define Teaching apart from learning?

No, because teaching is guiding and facilitating learning, enabling the learner to learn, setting the condition for learning.

Teacher is a guide and he brings some tools where students can learn like they can know more.

11) What is the importance of our Pedagogical Philosophy?

Pedagogical Philosophy is importance because teachers use and choose certain methods and techniques for to teach learn. It is like a theory of learning (Stood on its head)  

12) Refer to the 3 schools of thought in SLA

Structural Linguistics And behavioral Psychology	Generative Linguistics and Cognitive psychology	Constructivism
This school uses a method behaviorism. Description Observable performance Scientific Method Empiricism Surface structure Conditioning Reinforcement STIMULATE – ANSWER-	This school is Cognitive Generative Linguistics Acquisition Innateness Interlanguage Systematic Universal grammar Competence Deep structure LANGUAGE IS INNATE AND BIOLOGICAL INHERIT	This school is constructivism Interactive discovers Social cultural variable Cooperative learning Discovery learning Construction of meaning Interlanguage variability LANGUAGE IS A PROCESS THAT NEED LEARNING AND MAKE IT

 13) Describe the GTM

This is a classical Method Which it has some grammatical rules as the basic for translating from the L2 .

Is a traditional method of teaching, this method is able to read and translate literary masterpieces and classics