Constructivism

Constructivism Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are names associated with constructivism.

Constructivism is a theory of knowledge that says that the human being makes information and meaning from an interaction between their experiences and their ideas.

Constructivism is divided in two forms: Cognitive Constructivism and Social Constructivism

Cognitive Constructivism is connected with the mind.

Social Constructivism its emphases is in the social interaction and cooperative learning in constructing both cognitive and emotional images of reality

Grammar translation Method

It was a Method used for a long time but it was called like Grammar translation method. It said that it was a focus on grammatical on in foreign language classrooms for the second to the native language.

It has some characteristics:

1. 1. Classes taught in the mother tongue; little use of the L2
2. 2. Much vocabulary taught in the form of list of isolated word
3. 3. Elaborate explanations of the intricacies of grammar
4. 4. Reading of difficult classical texts begun early
5. 5. Texts treated as exercises in grammatical analysis
6. 6. Occasional drills and exercises in translating sentences from L1 to L2.
7. 7. Little or no attention to pronunciation.